Some logicians designate the combination of true premises and a valid inference as a sound argument; it is a piece of reasoning whose conclusion must be true. The trouble with every other case is that it gets us nowhere, since either at least one of the premises is false, or the inference is invalid, or both. Argument G is a valid argument with one false premise, one true premise, and a false conclusion. However H, while it is like G in having one false premise, one.
False premise
A false premise is an incorrect proposition that forms the basis of an argument or syllogism. Since the premise is not correct, the conclusion drawn may be in error. However, the logical validity of an argument is a function of its internal consistency, not the truth value of its premises.For example, consider this syllogism, which involves an obvious false premise:If the streets are wet, it has rained recently.The streets are wet.Therefore it has rained recently.This argument is logically valid, but quite demonstrably wrong, because its first premise is false - one could hose down the streets, the local river could have flooded, etc. A simple logical analysis will not reveal the error in this argument, since that analysis must accept the truth of the argument's premises. For this reason, an argument based on false premises can be much more difficult to refute, or even discuss, than one featuring a normal logical error, as the truth of its premises must be established to the satisfaction of all parties.Another feature of an argument based on false premises that can bedevil critics, is that its conclusion can in fact be true. Consider the above example again.